This article examines the growth of interest in social work ethics in the context of neo-liberal policies and the growth of managerialism in public service professions. 1.3.2 Social Worker and Characteristics of Social Work 1.3.3 Social Work and Related Terms 1.3.4 Social Work Services, Methods and Techniques 1.4 Origin and Development of Social Work in India 1.5 Objectives and Principles of Social Work 1.5.1 Objectives of Social Work 1.5.2. I am grateful to Palgrave Macmillan for permission to use extracts from Banks, S. materials adapted from Banks, S. (2012b) Global ethics for social work? “Social work is a practice-based profession and an academic discipline that promotes social change and development, social cohesion, and the empowerment and liberation of people. This is analogous to the approach, taken in legal reasoning, and requires skills in determining the morally relevant, features of cases and creating taxonomies of types of cases and issues. As admission requirements and program orientation vary among schools, interested persons should consult the directory or communicate with the school of their choice. 4 Chapter 1 SOCIAL WELFARE The terms social workand social welfareare often confused and sometimes used synonymously. ), Banks, S. (2010). It offers virtue ethical accounts of the good life, objectivity, rightness, demandingness, and moral epistemology. There are numerous examples, ranging from those comprising a linear, step-wise, process to more holistic, circular models (for a useful review, see McAuliffe &, One commonly quoted linear approach is the five-step ETHIC model proposed by. This is, in part, why the fundamental ethical principles of social work are salient for developing public health ethics. Taking the United Kingdom as an example, while drawing links with trends across Europe and other countries in the global Many ethical theories aim to be universal (applying across, all places and times) and foundational (offering a single theory that identifies what, espouse a particular theory or theoretical approach. These are written documents. regulerings- en sturingsmechanisme voor professionals wordt gezien, waarmee de groeiende belangstelling voor ethiek juist als onderdeel gezien kan worden van NPM. It works by taking a paradigm, case, which is relatively straightforward and about which most people would agree in, their ethical evaluations, and then compares the case at hand with the paradigm, case to determine differences and similarities. This, is partly because the statement of ethical principles of the International Federation of, Social Workers (IFSW) and International Association of Schools of Social Work, (IASSW) (2004) is often used as a basis on which to develop country-level ethical, codes. Arguably some of the more challenging ethical dilemmas in social work lie in, deciding when to compromise respect for an individual’s right to freedom of choice, and action in order to promote what is considered to be their greater good or the. It also encourages a view of ethics as embodied (a physical side to ethical, being and acting); embedded (ethical norms are deeply contextualised in, communities, organisations and wider cultures and responsibilities relating to, particular relationships); and evolving (created through dialogue and relationships, This approach to ethics as a situated practice resonates with theoretical approaches, that focus on character, care, communities and narratives, and is encapsulated in, which people account to each other for the identities, relationships, and values that, ethical theory, which presents a ‘theoretical, set of moral formulae to be applied by any agent in making a specific, justified, action-guiding judgement (Walker, 2007, pp. Hence, the focus of textbooks and teaching in professional ethics. morally right conduct; commitment to a set of deeply held values; and a capacity for reflexive ms that could be helpful to conceptualize (as well as to question) PEI, also in relation to other aspects of (professional) identity, e.g. dilemmas (adapted from Banks, 2012a, p. 20): state systems of welfare premised on principles of social justice and public, good and social workers have professional power in the relationship with, service users. Standard 4: Social work documentation shall include a clear assessment, intervention strategy It, encourages a view of ethics as involving emotion, anger). Professional associations for social, workers exist in the majority of countries where social work is practised, usually, membership is voluntary and most have ethical codes. ethics as a discipline-specific version of professional ethics, focusing on the conduct. principles to your day-to-day work will help you stay on track, and see better results in your job. and the public interest in having rules and criteria that apply to everyone. the first hospital social work department in the United States. Morality is collaborative as we reproduce or shift our moral understandings together in many daily interactions of social life. She recognised that this approach was culturally linked, but, also wondered if it was based on lack of knowledge, including not knowing, how to deliver bad news. In keeping with the focus on ethical dilemmas, textbooks on social work ethics often, include significant sections on decision-making about how to act in difficult situations, (e.g. Unsettled social work: the challenge of Levinas’s ethics, Moral boundaries: A political argument for an ethic of c, Moral understandings: A feminist study in ethics. This contrasts with the dominant type of, , ethical regulation) to what I have called elsewhere ‘ethics in, seeing professional life as an ethical practice and ethical issues, ed on local norms). In Western philosophy, virtue ethics is associated with the ancient Greek, Aquinas and Augustine. This may take the form of surveys to find out what people think about, certain types of behaviour (e.g., whether it is right to lend money to service users), and reports of actions they have taken (e.g., whether they have ever lent money to, service users) or qualitative research studies involving interviews and/or, observations relating to everyday practice. In case-. endstream endobj 65 0 obj <>stream principles of the social work profession. real time observations, qualitative interviews, discourse analysis. Accepting, the money would contribute immediately to promoting and supporting the, neighbourhood. The social worker tries to … The emphasis on relationships, and responsibilities brings these approaches to ethics much closer to ways of, thinking prevalent in the global South, where individuals are defined in relationship, with others. won for his handwriting and Trung talked about his favourite activities. Note: Social workers use this theory to understand clients who are experiencing oppression in some form or another in our capitalist society. Principles of respect for the inherent dignity and worth of persons, the pursuit of social justice, and culturally responsive practice that applies an anti-oppressive lens to all areas of practice and is grounded in ethics, values, and humility, are central to social work. The Canadian Association for Social Work Education (CASWE) has the responsibility for accrediting university-based social work programs. The process of growing up takes place in one or the other group; be it family, peers, neighbourhood or community. (a) Theory: exploring frameworks and paradig, With the collapse of many organizations, many researchers are increasingly paying attention to such phenomenon. It involves emotions as well as reason; the. harmful consequences for the greatest number of people. INTRODUCTION The important areas of medical social workers are in hospitals, drug rehabilitation centres, community health agencies, nursing homes, mental health facilities and clinics. However, in everyday life, and professional practice, principles that promote respect, for individual choices and rights are equally as important as principles that promote, good outcomes for individuals and society. needs to extend beyond dilemmas and decision-making. the political and cultural context of specific countries and in relation to the aims, purposes and ways of working of the relevant agencies, not just about making decisions according to principles or following rules, but, requires practitioners to engage in ongoing dialogues with themselves, Social work ethics is about challenges and contradictions in everyday practice. be made about how to act, feature strongly in the social work ethics literature. discussed in the section on professional regulation. The social work profession is guided by a distinct set of abstract values and a Code of Ethics. Social work in healthcare is also regulated by healthcare legislation and not solely by social laws. These theories cover, matters such as what counts as the good life, right and wrong conduct and good and, bad qualities of character. It explores the tensions between social work values and a market-driven agenda, and locates new resources of hope for the social work profession in the developing resistance to managerialism. ?Üá#^b7¹ [¯]OéAߪá{u.=ít½îOiÍ¿;~ßèù|ILÝ7ñ:Tu«î³rµ+ßÒ±Îb×üwÝOõ{5feô²2+ò3ó3òy ¼eÞ"ïwȯ̯ÈoÌ Pz>ßãù~ɼD.dÏì Ys@¦ÍÃæÙéôpz:=~üA~a~IYhAhAhAhAhAhÙÀ However, in professional ethics, textbooks, a range of ethical theories may be offered, looking at ethical problems. mother asked when there would be an improvement in Trung’s physical, condition. Statements of ethical principles and, codes of ethics for social work contain both these types of principle, as can be seen, in the international statement of ethical principles for social work (IFSW and IASSW, 2004). Many in the profession welcome regulation as a contribution, towards gaining occupational recognition and status, focus on prescribing the conduct of individual social workers. The term ‘narrative ethics’ refers to a cluster of, methodologies that use stories, rather than, grouped under the heading of ‘narrative ethics’, but, its own right (a revival of a medieval Christian practice of providing moral guidance in, particular situations). selflessly serving their fellow human beings. Global ethics for social work? This is marked by a growing body of specialist literature, the inclusion of ‘ethics’ as, subject area in professional education and the development of ever-longer codes of, ethics. After. and implications for policy, practice and education are considered. Alternatively, the growth of interest in ethics can be viewed as part of the NPM, with a focus on ethics as regulation of professional conduct. The focus of Imagine is ‘civic participation’ - how people get involve, Exploration of the usefulness of the concept of professional ethical identity (PEI) for understanding and improving the ethical practice of social work. Leave no stone unturned: The Inclusive, Mill, J. S. (1863/1972). Join ResearchGate to find the people and research you need to help your work. According to Reamer (1999, p. 3), among the most value based of all professions’, grounded in ‘concepts such as, justice and fairness’ (p.5). A case-. This book offers a comprehensive virtue ethics that breaks from the tradition of eudaimonistic virtue ethics. ì¯ L © between personal, professional and political life. Hypothesize different courses of action based on varied decisions; Identify who is most vulnerable, who will be harmed or helped; -making (accountability, consultation, cultural, . While the particular configurations of values, and countries, three clusters of complex values in the current social work literature, respect each human being as an individual, treat all people as equally, valuable and respect and promote the human rights of individuals and groups. social worker should take in particular situations (counsellor, controller, advocate, assessor, campaigner, ally or friend); considerations of boundaries. ‘social work ethics’ is a distinct subject area in professional education and practice. Dolgoff, R., Harrington, D. and Loewenberg, F. (2012). Dignity of the human person is the ethical foundation of a moral society. Both are professions with their own ethical foundations. 119-132. covering the core purpose of the profession, its values and ethical principles. Standard 3: Social workers ensure records are in a format that facilitates monitoring and evaluation of the social work intervention (s). But not everyone has the same power to set or change moral terms, and differently valued social-moral identities with different responsibilities and privileges are the rule in human societies. the rights and interests of parties other than service users; Equality, difference and structural oppression, Professional roles, boundaries and relationships, thical difficulties are frequently framed as ‘ethical, and presented as cases, with readers invited to consider what decision, women’s safety and welfare in a very violent. Ethical theorists often, (Banks and Gallagher, 2009; Hursthouse, 1999; Swanton, 2003). An approximate picture of the diversity of social work can be gained by asking what aspects the work covers. as embedded and embodied in everyday being and doing (Banks, 2010). It has to be analysed from an Islamic perspective. These fall into two schools of thought: deontological (duty-based) ethics, associated, with the eighteenth-century German philosopher, Kant (1785/1964); and teleological. These may be regarded as complementary rather than, mutually exclusive. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/african-ethics/, accessed December 2010. One response to this criticism, This can lead to the opposite critique, that longer codes comprising lists of ethical. All rights reserved. Human beings were not meant to live alone. Principles of Social Work Practice is the first textbook to deal exclusively and thoroughly with the significant principles of social work practice and methods that integrate these principles into the common base of practice. This is increasingly common, as regulatory bodies are established to register and regulate social work according to, professional codes of ethics or practice (Banks 2012a, pp.107-, Comparison of codes of ethics for social work from professional associations in, different countries shows considerable variation in their length and the extent to, which they include long lists of standards of practice (Banks, 2012a, pp. Codes of ethics are key features of professions. challenges for teaching and learning about ethics in interprofessional settings; the potential of virtue ethics and an ethic of care for understanding and handling ethical issues in interprofessional practice; and the extent to which interprofessional working may be about surveillance and control. Trusting relationships 3. This applies particularly to shorter codes that, remain at the level of values and general principles. Social Work for Social Justice: Ten Principles. Hence a shared set of, values for social work was articulated and promoted. sensitivity and critical reflection), which includes the following steps: Decision-making models encourage systematic, comprehensive and analytical, thinking about the range of factors to be taken into consideration in making difficult. practical wisdom and is not the same as rationality based on abstract principles. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of reclaiming Berkeley: University of California Press. It considers whether, care ethics, case-based ethics, codes of ethics, deontological ethics, ethical, n discussions of social work ethics, the term ‘values’ is generally used to refer to, worth, people’s collective responsibilities for each other and the importance. She accompanied two physiotherapists on a, home visit to an eight-year old boy, Trung, who had Duchenne Muscular, Dystrophy (DMD, a severe form of muscular dystrophy characterised by rapid, attached to the chair. It takes as its starting point a situated account of ethics as embedded in everyday practice: ‘everyday ethics’. based approach, in Banks, S. and Nøhr, K. After a period of decline in popularity, virtue ethics has, recently undergone a revival in Western ethics, as a complement to or replacement. It covers, matters of rights, responsibilities and well-being. to self-determination (particularly users of social worker services). The Ethics of Social Work Principles and Standards (Old Document) Adopted by the IFSW General Meeting, Colombo, Sri Lanka, July 6 -8, 1994. Whilst th, formulation of international principles that promote respect for human dignity, human, rights and social justice is important and welcomed by social work practitioners in, many countries, the theoretical-juridical model is just one approach to ethics. Three versions of professional d and influence life in their communities. Morality is best revealed in practices of responsibility that express shared understandings about who we are, what we value, and to whom we are accountable for what we do. The social work profession is one that is widely considered noble and beneficial to wider society but often, the general public doesn’t really know what these members of this valued workforce actually do on a day to day basis and what principles they stand by. for more abstract, principle-based approaches to ethics. These purposes presuppose values about, of maintaining social order. Social workers play an integral and unique role in bioethics: primarily as patient advocates but also as guardians of autonomy and dignity. Seven Principles of the Social Work Relationship. This article discusses professional ethics in social work, exploring key themes (core values, codes of ethics, ethical theories, ethical challenges, ethical decision making, and regulation of conduct) in current literature and practice. common to offer models, often leading the reader through a series of questions. models). care and accounts from professional practitioners about their working lives. Although what counts as a. profession is contested, it is an occupation that makes claims for status in society. Considerations on representative government. identified and ‘extracted’ by research participants and/or researchers. Casuistry is, not a normative theory (prescribing what is good or bad), but more like a method for, making ethical assessments and decisions. Course Description . professional status and knowledge claims. 58-9). © 2008-2020 ResearchGate GmbH. ;t(ìPС°CAth0Ìæ s 9Àh0ÌÎ g 3À©ìGÑrbrbrbrbrbrb²E?ʹ¹Ê¹:Ïe?~ý(úQö£èGÙ¢e?~ýú1ú ~£ßà7ú ~£ßà7ú ~£ßà7ú ~£ßà7ú ~£ßà_aV±Xâÿg%Ì»y3~î:lËôöp_{¾¾cÚîó+fÞçØám¿ÞBC?¸´ Given social, workers’ roles at the interface of state welfare and social control, it requires moral, courage for social workers to speak out against injustices and to resist becoming, highly regulated administrators of ever-tighter welfare budgets. to a different conception of ethics than found in normative textbook ethics. 8 Values Principles for the Social Work Profession SOCIAL WORK CODE OF ETHICS 4.0 VALUES AND PRINCIPLES In the determination and pursuit of its aims, social work is committed to the following core values: human rights and human dignity, social justice and service. According to utilitarianism, lying might be regarded as morally right, if, These two schools of thought are in opposition, if the aim is to develop a. comprehensive ethical theory based on a key foundational ethical principle. Primary Perspectives Strengths – Stems from the work of Saleeby (1996) – The social worker assumes that the client has multiple strengths. But ethical issues are not always clear cut; there are many grey areas that need to be threaded with care by organizations. reconsidered in an international context. In several countries, statutory regulatory, bodies have been established for social work, the functions of which include, maintaining a register of qualified professionals, from the register if incompetence or unethical behaviour is proven (Orme and, only those registered can practise as social workers) and these regulatory bodies, take on a major role in licensing social workers and disciplining them on grounds of, There is a slow trend towards statutory regulation of social work as an occupation, with a protected title. This book defends an expressive-collaborative model of morality that challenges common assumptions in philosophical ethics. Professional ethics generally has a normative focus: it is about how people in, professional roles ought to be and behave. This book argues for empirically informed and politically critical ethics that aims for transparency about the moral significance of social differences including, but not only, gender differences. ‘Unsettled’ means practice that accepts the impossibility Ethics as first philosophy, trans. The measure of every institution is whether it threatens or enhances the life and dignity of the human person. inherent in special relationships (like mother and child); and the ethics of proximity, based on responsibilities experienced in face-, person and another (Vetlesen, 1997; Levinas, 1989). One of the physiotherapists said he did not know, and that Trung, On returning to the hospital the student asked the staff if any improvement, did not have a long life ahead. Table 1 shows the key themes and a simplified interpretation of the, changing content of social work ethics as covered in the literature, which is, statements of principles and standards of, incorporating or based on the core values, theories of ethics derived from the literature. ‘how do social welfare practitioners perform as people of integrity in the course of their professional work?’ The focus is Most importantly a medical social worker works to assure … It also requires a space for the exercise of professional wisdom. codes of ethics, laws and agency regulations; This can be a useful set of steps to encourage analysis of the issues at stake, although its simple structure masks the complexity of the range of different, perspectives and factors, including emotional dimensions, and how to negotiate, between them. Standard 2 . Decision-, makers should treat all similar cases in a like manner, as impartially and objectively, Character- and relationship-based approaches to ethics [heading level 2], There are alternative theoretical approaches to ethics that start with particular people, and situations in which they find themselves, the qualities of character of the moral agent, and asks not ‘what should I do?’ but, ‘what kind of person should I be?’ and ‘what would a good person do in this, on the development of good qualities of character can be found in many ancient, Eastern religious teachings, including the works of Confucius, Mencius and Buddhist. According to Nelson (1997), stories are used in, through comparing stories. If we consider the form of, ethical challenges, a distinction can be made between ethical issues, problems and. equality, with due regard to diversity; the social worker’s responsibility to. This article explores the nature of professional integrity, considering the questions ‘what is professional integrity?’ and Ethics in an age of austerity: Social work and the evolving New Public Management PURPOSEFUL EXPRESSION OF FEELINGS Recognition of the client’s need to express feelings freely Worker listens purposefully Worker neither discourages nor condemns the expression of feelings Sometimes worker actively stimulates and encourages expression of feelings CONTROLLED EMOTIONAL INVOLVEMENT The worker is … practice must take place on the ‘razor's edge’ of totalising representations of people and the necessity of representation North Tyneside and Benwell CDPs produced many detailed and critical reports, which located the causes of local social and economic problems in the decline of traditional industries along the Tyne, failures of government policy and international pressure to cut public spending. character and responsibilities of professional social workers. It is argued that the concept of ethics work, with its focus on the practitioners as moral agents in context, is an important antidote to the rules-based managerialism of much contemporary practice. Principles of social justice, human rights, collective responsibility and respect for diversities are central to social work. practitioners and students suggests at least four main themes (taken from Banks, decisions and choices; social workers’ responsibilities to promote the welfare, social workers’ responsibilities to their employing agencies and society; the. Social workers respect the inherent dignity and worth of all individuals. What follows is a listing of nine Social Work Principles and brief description of … The following overview of ethical theories is adapted from Banks, Until recently, modern Western literature on professional ethics focus. In the context of social work, ethics, this implies a broadening of traditional normative professional ethics (focusing. managerialism in de publieke sector. Many criticisms are levelled at codes of ethics, including that the, general and open to interpretation. Referring to European, -5). Social work is also, inherently political (Dominelli, 2010; Ferguson, 2008). However, in everyday practice, the many moment-, are made about how to proceed may be quite intuitive and hardly recognized as, decisions unless social workers are asked to justify or explain afterwards what t, did and why. Their stated aim is to guide, professionals and protect service users (by laying down expectations for ethical, good social work, contributing to defining occupational boundaries and reinforcing, professional identity and status. sense-making and reliable accountability. According to Gyekye (2010), character also forms the basis of African ethics. Addressing social ills and helping others is a primary goal of all social workers. Utilitarianism. Een alternatief is dat ethiek vooral als Felix Biestek. However, it was better that Trung and his. In many countries in the Southern world, the ‘expressiv, ethics makes more sense than the ‘theoretical, and abstraction of a dimension of practice that can be labelled ‘ethical’, challenging in some cultural contexts, especially if there is no specific word easily, of the ‘ethics industry’ in the Northern world, including the production o, international codes of ethics and specialised teaching modules, entails exporting de-, contextualised models of ethics and sets of principles and rules that do not, necessarily fit comfortably across the world (Hugman, 2008; Ife, 2008). Using the philosophy Social work supervisors recognize the power and authority inherent in their position within the workplace and exercise that power and authority appropriately. Ljubljana: Faculty of Social Work, University of, Journal of Social Intervention: Theory and Practice 20, Practising social work ethics around the world: Cases, Ethics in professional life: Virtues for health and, Social work values and ethics: identifying and resolving, Social work: Theory and practice for a changing profession, Reclaiming Social Work: Challenging Neo-liberalism and, The ethics of care: Personal, political, and global, Human rights and social work: Towards rights-based practice, Ethics in social work, Statement of principles, The abuse of casuistry: A history of moral. Refers to an action done for the benefit of others. Medical social workers have the training and clinical skills to treat patients with psychosocial problems. In textbooks on professional ethics, and teaching on the topic, an overview of, theories of ethics developed by moral philosophers is common. 112-, However, the statements of values and ethical principles are remarkably similar. (c) Practice: exploring what is revealed and what is concealed by making different conceptual and methodological choices concerning PEI. This, presents a challenge, as it requires academics and practitioners to be alert to, imperialism in ethics (transferring Northern values and approaches to the Southern, world), while avoiding ethical and cultural relativism (uncritically accepting practices, A Dutch social work student was undertaking fieldwork practice in a, rehabilitation hospital in Vietnam. H[O[1Ç¿i'ëy¶LMhLV;° »Õ&xúmR, @â=+C service users and for society more generally, balancing benefits against risks, between people and groups and promote the fair distribution of goods and, These values may sometimes conflict, giving rise to ethical challenges for social, workers. For, example, she may decide to reject the application of a very needy person for. Any, action which fails to accord respect to each individual person (such as lying) is, wrong, regardless of whether it produces good consequences. The role of registration in ensuring ethical practice, Vetlesen, A. home care services because this person does not fit the criteria. Standard 2: Social workers maintain records of social work intervention(s). Evidence-based practice 2. This entry has focused largely on normative professional ethics, should be and act in work contexts. For example, deciding whether to recommend home care, services for a person with a disability in a straightforward case may not, involve a social worker in agonising over, devoid of ethical content (the service is premised on principles of care and, difficult ethical decision, but is clear about the right course of action. It considers whether dominant models of social work practice and ethics from the global North should be reconsidered in an international context. This challenge is exemplified in case 2 (summarised from, ) ‘ethics’ is an ongoing project. It also does not take account of the importance of an iterative cycle of, To counteract some of these limitations, McAuliffe and Chenoweth (2007) propose, an ‘inclusive’ circular model, taking account of core social work values, based on four, interlinked ‘platforms’ for good decision. Values and Principles in Social Group Work *Ranjana Sehgal Introduction ‘No man is an island unto himself’ said John Donne and rightly so. •Determine how the techniques and approaches of social work … texts. Imagine - Connecting communities through research is funded by the Economic and Social Research Council for 5 years (2012-17). textbooks and models of practice are translated, adopted and adapted worldwide. She is faced with a conflict between the interests of this individual. Social welfare, according to Friedlander, 1 “is the organized system of social ser- vices and institutions, designed to aid … The autonomy of the, profession, and of professional associations, is reduced in the interests of, maintaining and developing the credibility of the profession and standardising. S, McAuliffe, D., & Chenoweth, L. (2007). •Determine how the guiding principles of social work in health care have changed from the time of the founding of the first hospital social work de-partment to the present time. In developing a pluralistic view, it shows how different 'modes of moral response' such as love, respect, appreciation, and creativity are all central to the virtuous response and thereby to ethics. Social work practice consists of the professional application of social work values, principles, and techniques to one or more of the following ends: helping people obtain tangible services; counseling and psychotherapy with individuals, families, and groups; helping communities or groups provide or improve social and health services, and participating in legislative processes. &B¢È}Ù]~ðF ÊlX(ÞgܱUQJþã×r>8v/ß@BÖàxj=¬UÇçÀ àÈÔ$¢. edition. Yet in health care settings, medical social workers are not expected to perform as clinicians, but rather as functionaries who carry out a variety of tasks that have no relationship to clinical care. Levinas's insistence that ethics must precede knowledge means that unsettled Utilitarian or, consequentialist ethics, in contrast, judges the rightness and wrongness of actions. professional ethics for social work, outlining a preliminary framework for a situated ethics of social justice.
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